Part I Writing (30 minutes)

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic Dormitory Life. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below in Chinese:

1. 大学宿舍的集体生活是全新的体验。

2. 宿舍生活与在家生活的不同之处。

3. 宿舍生活利与弊。

Dormitory Life

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Part II Reading Comprehension (15 minutes)

(Skimming and Scanning)

Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked ［A］, ［B］, ［C］ and ［D］. For question 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.

Animals on the Move

It looked like a scene from “Jaws” but without the dramatic music. A huge shark was slowly swimming through the water, its tail swinging back and forth like the pendulum of a clock.

Suddenly sensitive nerve ending in the shark’s skin picked up vibrations of a struggling fish. The shark was immediately transformed into a deadly, efficient machine of death. With muscles taut, the shark knifed through the water at a rapid speed. In a flash the shark caught its victim, a large fish, in its powerful jaws. Then, jerking its head back and forth, the shark tore huge chunks of flesh from its victim and swallowed them. Soon the action was over.

Moving to Survive

In pursuing its prey, the shark demonstrated in a dramatic way the important role of movement, or locomotion, in animals.

Like the shark, most animals use movement to find food. They also use locomotion to escape enemies, find a mate, and explore new territories. The methods of locomotion include crawling, hopping, slithering, flying, swimming, or walking.

Humans have the added advantage of using their various inventions to move about in just about any kind of environment. Automobiles, rockets, and submarines transport humans from deep oceans to as far away as the moon. However, for other animals movement came about naturally through millions of years of evolution. One of the most successful examples of animal locomotion is that of the shark. Its ability to quickly zero in on its prey has always impressed scientists. But it took a detailed study by Duke University marine biologists S. A. Wainwright, F. Vosburgh, and J. H. Hebrank to find out how the sharks did it. In their study the scientists observed sharks swimming in a tank at Marine land in Saint Augustine, Fla. Movies were taken of the sharks’ movements and analyzed. Studies were also made of shark skin and muscle.

Skin Is the Key

The biologists discovered that the skin of the shark is the key to the animal’s high efficiency in swimming through the water. The skin contains many fibers that crisscross like the inside of a belted radial tire. The fibers are called collagen fibers. These fibers can either store or release large amounts of energy depending on whether the fibers are relaxed or taut. When the fibers are stretched, energy is stored in them the way energy is stored in the string of a bow when pulled tight. When the energy is released, the fibers become relaxed.

The Duke University biologists have found that the greatest stretching occurs where the shark bends its body while swimming. During the body’s back and forth motion, fibers along the outside part of the bending body stretch greatly. Much potential energy is stored in the fibers. This energy is released when the shark’s body snaps back the other way.

As energy is alternately stored and released on both sides of the animal’s body, the tail whips strongly back and forth. This whip-like action propels the animal through the water like a living bullet.

Source of Energy

What causes the fibers to store so much energy? In finding the answer the Duke University scientists learned that the shark’s similarity to a belted radial tire doesn’t stop with the skin. Just as a radial tire is inflated by pressure, so, too, is the area just under the shark’s collagen “radials”. Instead of air pressure, however, the pressure in the shark may be due to the force of the blood pressing on the collagen fibers.

When the shark swims slowly, the pressure on the fibers is relatively low. The fibers are more relaxed, and the shark is able to bend its body at sharp angles. The animal swims this way when looking around for food or just swimming. However, when the shark detects an important food source, some fantastic involuntary changes take place.

The pressure inside the animal may increase by 10 times. This pressure change greatly stretches the fibers, enabling much energy to be stored.

This energy is then transferred to the tail, and the shark is off. The rest of the story is predictable.

Dolphin Has Speed Record

Another fast marine animal is the dolphin. This seagoing mammal has been clocked at speeds of 32 kilometers (20 miles) an hour. Biologists studying the dolphin have discovered that, like the shark, the animal’s efficient locomotion can be traced to its skin. A dolphin’s skin is made up in such a way that it offers very little resistance to the water flowing over it. Normally when a fish or other object moves slowly through the water, the water flows smoothly past the body. This smooth flow is known as laminar flow. However, at faster speeds the water becomes more turbulent along the moving fish. This turbulence muses friction and slows the fish down.

In a dolphin the skin is so flexible that it bends and yields to the waviness of the water. The waves, in effect, become tucked into the skin’s folds. This allows the rest of the water to move smoothly by in a laminar flow. Where other animals would be slowed by turbulent water at rapid speeds, the dolphin can race through the water at record breaking speeds.

Other Animals Less Efficient

Not all animals move as efficiently as sharks and dolphins. Perhaps the greatest loser in locomotion efficiency is the slug. The slug, which looks like a snail without a shell, lays down a slimy trail over which it crawls. It uses so much energy producing the slimy mucus and crawling over it that a mouse traveling the same distance uses only one twelfth as much energy.

Scientists say that because of the slug’s inefficient use of energy, its lifestyle must be restricted. That is, the animals are forced to confine themselves to small areas for obtaining food and finding proper living conditions. Have humans ever been faced with this kind of problem?

1.According to the passage, a shark can use movement to do something except____________.

［A］to find food

［B］to avoid being chased by its enemies

［C］to find a new place to live

［D］to show its braveness

2.Examples of automobiles, rockets and submarines are used to show that _______________.

［A］humans are the most clever living creatures in the world

［B］human inventions enable us to travel in almost any kind of environment

［C］humans are very successful in inventing transportation tools

［D］humans can’t move like other animals in any circumstances

3.What is the key to the shark’s swift locomotion in water?

［A］The skin. ［B］The tail. ［C］The muscle. ［D］The jaw.

4.According to the Duke University scientists, when does the shark stretch its collagen fibers to the greatest extent?

［A］When moving its tail rapidly.

［B］When finding its preys.

［C］When staying without any movement.

［D］When bending its body in swimming.

5.Why is the area just under the shark’s collagen fibers similar to a belted radial tire?

［A］Because it is also full of blood pressure.

［B］Because it is also filled of air pressure.

［C］Because it is also inflated by pressure.

［D］Because it also can be used again and again.

6.A laminar flow is formed when a fish swims________________.

［A］slowly through the water

［B］rapidly through the water

［C］against the current

［D］at the fastest speed in water

7.Consuming the equal amount of energy as a slug does, a mouse can travel _________ as long as a slug.

［A］one twelfth times

［B］the same

［C］12 times

［D］1.2 times

8.A shark finds its prey by________________.

9.According to the passage, _______________can be compared to the string of a bow for both of them store energy when stretched.

10.When the shark detects an important food source, _______________________take place.

Part III Listening Comprehension (35 minutes)

Section A

Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked［A］,［B］,［C］and［D］, and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.

11.［A］In the language lab. ［B］At the library.

［C］Beneath a tree. ［D］In a park.

12.［A］3385431. ［B］3487013.

［C］3046138. ［D］3104871.

13.［A］Before six. ［B］At six.

［C］After six. ［D］After seven.

14.［A］It is bigger. ［B］It has a prettier color.

［C］It has a larger yard. ［D］It is brighter.

15.［A］He is sick. ［B］He is worried.

［C］He is confident. ［D］He is angry.

16.［A］Patient and nurse. ［B］Wife and husband.

［C］Diner and waitress. ［D］Customer and shop assistant.

17.［A］It was boring. ［B］It was entertaining.

［C］It was touching. ［D］It was encouraging.

18.［A］On his desk. ［B］In his book.

［C］On the shelf. ［D］In his drawers.

Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

19.［A］Quartz heaters. ［B］Hot-water radiator.

［C］Infrared radiation. ［D］Convection.

20.［A］She asks him to name some conventional heaters.

［B］She asks him to give a definition.

［C］She asks him how a quartz heater operates.

［D］She asks him to give some examples.

21.［A］It heats only the objects in a room.

［B］It is more advanced in design.

［C］It is more expensive.

［D］It is more energy-economical.

22.［A］It measures the temperature of a room.

［B］It collects sunlight.

［C］It moves air around the room.

［D］It directs radiation at objects.

Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

23.［A］One of his classes finished early.

［B］He wanted to get some studying done.

［C］The library had a special display on the Industrial Revolution.

［D］His books were ten days overdue.

24.［A］Checked them out.

［B］Took notes on them.

［C］Returned them to the shelves.

［D］Put them in his bookbag.

25.［A］They are marked with colored labels.

［B］They are specially coded.

［C］They are checked out.

［D］They are inspected by the guard.

Section B

Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked ［A］, ［B］, ［C］and ［D］.Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.

Passage One

Questions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard.

26.［A］The difference between classical music and rock music.

［B］Why classical music is popular with math students.

［C］The effects of music on the results of math tests.

［D］How to improve your reasoning ability.

27.［A］Because it stimulates your nerve activity.

［B］Because it keeps you calm.

［C］Because it strengthens your memory.

［D］Because it improves your problem solving strategies.

28.［A］Piano music could interfere with your reasoning ability.

［B］The effects of music do not last long.

［C］The more you listen to music, the higher your test scores will be.

［D］Music, whether classical or rock, helps improve your memory.

Passage Two

Questions 29 to 31 are based on the passage you have just heard.

29.［A］He wanted to find a place to read his papers.

［B］He wanted to kill time before boarding the plane.

［C］He felt thirsty and wanted some coffee.

［D］He went there to meet his friends.

30.［A］Toys for children.

［B］Important documents.

［C］Food and coffee.

［D］Clothes and scientific papers.

31.［A］The woman took his case on purpose.

［B］All his papers had been stolen.

［C］He had taken the woman’s case.

［D］The woman played a joke on him.

Passage Three

Questions 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.

32.［A］They haven’t reached a decision yet.

［B］They have decided to go hunting bears.

［C］They want to go hunting camping.

［D］They want to go exploring the country.

33.［A］Susie. ［B］Tom.

［C］The speaker. ［D］The speaker’s husband.

34.［A］They chased the bear away.

［B］They stayed outside the tent and did nothing.

［C］They climbed up a tree.

［D］They put some honey outside for the bear to eat.

35.［A］He ate the honey. ［B］He drank the beer.

［C］He chased the people away. ［D］He turned things upside down.

Section C

Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.

Coal has not been used very extensively as an energy source recently. However, it (36)____________ will become a very important source of energy in the future because of dwindling (37) ____________ of natural gas and oil. Although coal (38) ____________ to be black, it actually has black, yellow, orange, and red bands of color when it is examined under a powerful microscope.

Coal probably was formed about 300 million years ago by (39) ____________ trees and other plant life growing in (40) ____________. These trees and plants died and then fell into the water. They contained the elements oxygen, hydrogen, and (41) _________. As the earth changed its (42) ___________, the weight of the ground (43) ____________ down on the trees and plants. Thus seams of coal were formed.

(44) ____________________________________________________________________. Strip mining is quicker and safer than underground mining, but it can leave the surface of the earth bare and ugly. (45) ________________________________________________. While both underground and strip mines still can be hazardous, there no longer are as many accidents in coal mining as there once were. (46) _____________________________________________. Many of today’s coal miners are earning good wages in an occupation which is quite safe and very important.

Part Ⅳ Reading Comprehension (25 minutes)

(Reading in Depth)

Section A

Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.

Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.

Wise buying is a positive way in which you can make your money go further. The way you go about purchasing an article or a service can actually ____47___ you money or can add to the cost. Take the ____48___ example of a hairdryer. If you are buying a hairdryer, you might think that you are making the ____49___ buy if you choose one whose look you like and which is also the cheapest ____50___ price. But when you get it home you may find that it takes twice as long as a more expensive ____51___ to dry your hair. The cost of the electricity plus the cost of your time could well make your hairdryer the most expensive one of all.

So what principles should you ____52___ when you go out shopping? If you keep your home, your car or any valuable ____53___ in excellent condition, you’ll be saving money in the long run. Before you buy a new ____54___ , talk to someone who owns one. If you can, use it or borrow it to check it suits your particular purpose. Before you buy an expensive ____55___, or a service, do check the price and what is on offer. If possible, choose ____56___ three items or three estimates.

［A］possession ［B］save ［C］best ［D］appliance ［E］material

［F］from ［G］simple［H］with ［I］in ［J］element

［K］model ［L］item ［M］easy ［N］adopt ［O］reasonable

Section B

Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked ［A］, ［B］, ［C］and ［D］.You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.

Passage One

Questions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.

Friendship is one of the basic bonds between human beings. While the characteristics of friendship might vary from one country to another, people from all cultures not only enjoy friends but need them.

Many studies have shown that teenagers who have no friends often suffer from psychological disorders. It has been shown that teenagers, perhaps more than any other age group, need companionship and a sense of belonging. The negative consequences of loneliness have also been observed among the elderly. The death of a spouse often leaves a widow or a widower totally bereft. If, however, they are surrounded by friends and relatives and if they are able to articulate their feelings, they are more likely to recover from their grief.

“No man is an island.” In other words, we are all parts of society. We all need the love, admiration, respect and moral support of other people. If we are fortunate, our friends will provide us with all of these necessary aspects of life.

As most people observe, there are many levels of friendship. The degree of intimacy of friendship varies depending on the personality of the individuals involved and the context of the relationships. Extroverts enjoy being surrounded by many people whereas introverts are perhaps content with fewer but more intense friendships.

Everyone is not equally open with all their friends. The degree of intimacy is determined by many factors. Close friends can be formed at any stage in one’s life but they are usually very rare. Not very many people have more than a few really close friends. Irrespective of the level of intimacy, all friendships are based on reciprocity, honesty and a certain amount of love and affection.

57.The second paragraph implies that_____________ .

［A］teenagers without friends will suffer from psychological problems

［B］a widow or a widower will die very soon without companionship

［C］human beings need companionship and a sense of belonging

［D］both A and B

58. “No man is an island”(Line 1, Para. 3) implies that ______________.

［A］everyone is a part of an island

［B］man cannot be an island

［C］everyone is just a part of society

［D］society is an island

59. The degree of intimacy of friendship mainly depends on_____________.

［A］age ［B］belonging ［C］personality ［D］culture

60. The author thinks that close friends_____________________.

［A］can be easily formed when one is young

［B］cannot be long-lasting

［C］are not rare for everyone

［D］are rare for most people

61.The word “irrespective”(Last sentence, Para. 5) means______________________.

［A］not respecting ［B］dishonoring ［C］regardless ［D］considering

Passage Two

Questions 62 to 66 are based on the following passage.

Sixteen years ago, Eileen Doyle’s husband, an engineer, took his four children up for an early morning cup of tea, packed a small case and was never seen or heard of again. Eileen was astonished and in a state of despair. They had been a happy family and, as far as she knew, there had been nothing wrong with their marriage.

Every day of the year a small group of men and women quietly pack a few belongings and without so much as a note or a good-bye close the front door for the last time, leaving their debts, their worries and their confused families behind them.

Last year, more than 1,200 men and nearly as many women were reported missing from home—the highest in 15 years. Many did return home within a year, but others rejected the past completely and are now living a new life somewhere under a different identity.

To those left behind this form of desertion is a terrible blow to their pride and self-confidence. Even the finality of death might be preferable. At least it does not imply rejection or failure. Worse than that, people can be left with an unfinished marriage, not knowing whether they will have to wait seven years before they are free to start a fresh life.

Clinical psychologist Paul Brown believes most departures of this kind to be well planned rather than impulsive. “It’s typical of the kind of personality which seems able to ignore other people’s pain and difficulties. Running away, like killing yourself, is a highly aggressive act. By creating an absence the people left behind feel guilty, upset and empty.”

62.When her husband left home, Eileen Doyle_________.

［A］could not forgive him for taking the children

［B］had been expecting it to happen for some time

［C］could not understand why

［D］blamed herself for what had happened

63. Most people who leave their families behind them___________.

［A］do so without warning ［B］do so because of their debts

［C］come back immediately ［D］change their names

64. Some people would even prefer the death to the running away of their spouse because __.

［A］their spouse would feel no pain during the death

［B］their spouse’s death would not blow their pride and confidence

［C］a desertion would not bring a feeling of rejection or failure

［D］their spouse’s death would make them feel less painful

65.The man or woman left behind with an unfinished marriage usually______________.

［A］admits responsibility for the situation

［B］wishes the person who has left were dead

［C］comes back within a year

［D］will have no legal marriage life for seven years

66. Paul Brown regards leaving home in such circumstances as___________________.

［A］an act of despair ［B］an act of selfishness

［C］the result of a sudden decision ［D］the result of the enormous sense of guilt

Part Ⅴ Cloze (15 minutes)

Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked ［A］, ［B］, ［C］and ［D］on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.

Modern people wear many masks that keep their reality confined and ____67___, even to themselves. The possibility of encountering one’s ____68___, learning about one’s self, is frightening and ____69___. Many people expect ____70___ the worst. A hidden fear ____71___ the fact that they may also discover the best. To discover the worst is to face the decision of ____72___ or not to continue in the same pattern. To learn the best is to face the decision of whether or not to live up ____73___ it. ____74___ discovery may involve change and ____75___ causes anxiety. ____76___ , this can be a creative anxiety which may be thought of as excitement—the excitement of enhancing one’s ____77___ for being a winner. Transactional analysis is a(n) ____78___ you can use to know yourself, to know how you relate to others, and to discover the dramatic ____79___ your life is taking. The unit of personality structure is the ego state. By becoming ____80___ of your ego state, you can ____81___ between your various sources of thoughts, feelings, and behavior pattern. You can be more aware of the choices available to you. The unit of measure in interpersonal relationships is the ____82___. By analyzing your transactions, you can gain a ____83___ conscious control of how you operate with other people and how they operate with you. Transactional analysis is a practical ____84___ from which you can ____85___ old decisions and behavior and change ____86___ you decide is desirable for you to change.

67. ［A］known ［B］unknown ［C］surrounded ［D］unlimited

68. ［A］mask ［B］armor ［C］reality ［D］fact

69. ［A］frustrating ［B］exciting ［C］interesting ［D］encouraging

70. ［A］discovering ［B］to discover ［C］be discovered ［D］to be discovered

71. ［A］relies on ［B］lies in ［C］based on ［D］according to

72. ［A］how ［B］why ［C］what ［D］whether

73. ［A］to ［B］on ［C］with ［D］in

74. ［A］Both ［B］Either ［C］One ［D］Neither

75. ［A］therefore ［B］however ［C］even ［D］but

76. ［A］Therefore ［B］Moreover ［C］Then ［D］However

77. ［A］possibility ［B］pattern ［C］anxiety ［D］decision

78. ［A］instrument ［B］appliance ［C］equipment ［D］tool

79. ［A］course ［B］process ［C］track ［D］direction

80. ［A］beware ［B］aware ［C］awake ［D］unconscious

81. ［A］choose ［B］change ［C］distinguish ［D］compare

82. ［A］transaction ［B］transition ［C］transmission ［D］transformation

83. ［A］much ［B］more ［C］few ［D］little

84. ［A］desire ［B］frame ［C］stage ［D］step

85. ［A］evaluate ［B］change ［C］make ［D］decide

86. ［A］which ［B］that ［C］whether ［D］what

Part Ⅵ Translation (5 minutes)

Direction: Complete the sentences on Answer Sheet 2 by translating into English the Chinese given in brackets.

87. The price of beer_______________________________________________________(从50美分到4美元不等) per liter during the summer season.

88.The fifth generation computers, with artificial intelligence, _______________________________________________(正在研制) and perfected now.

89. He wears a pair of sunglasses ____________________________________________(唯恐被别人认出来).

91.Frankly speaking, I’d rather you__________________________________________(不采取任何措施) about it for the time being.

92.The substance does not dissolve in water_______________________________________ (不管是否加热).

Part I Writing

Dormitory Life

For most university students, dormitory life is a new experience. Most students have never lived far away from their parents before coming to university. They have always had their parents to depend on for advice and guidance, and when they become university students, their lives begin to change.

There are striking differences between home life and dormitory life. Students must begin to be responsible for their own action. They must depend on themselves to get up in the morning on time for class, to eat properly, to keep their clothes and themselves clean, and to set aside an appropriate amount of time for study and relaxation. They must also learn to take care of their money, making sure to preserve enough for both necessities and for fun.

In general, there are both good and bad points about life in student-dormitory. Often, dormitory rooms are small and crowded. This lack of space can limit one’s privacy and make it difficult for students to concentrate on their studies. On the other hand, in a dormitory, students have a great deal more freedom than they might have at home. They can act according to their own will and desire than to that of parents.

Part II Reading Comprehension

(Skimming and Scanning)

1.【解析】[D]属同义转换题，本题是一种排除选择题。根据题干中的中心词“movement to do something”，可以将答案定位在小标题“Moving to Survive”下第二段的前两句话，“Like the shark, most animals use movement to find food. They also use locomotion to escape enemies, find a mate, and explore now territories”。该句与题干是一种同义转换，选项A、B和C在原文中均有提及，所以不是正确选项;答案D在原文没有提及，所以是正确答案。

2.【解析】[B]属细节推断题。题干考查汽车、火箭和潜艇的例子是为了说明什么，其中的“examples of automobiles, rockets and submarines”是关键词，可以将答案定位在文章小标题“Moving to Survive”下第三段的前两句话，“Humans have the added advantage of using their various inventions to move about in just about any kind of environment. Automobiles, rockets, and submarines transport humans from deep oceans to as far away as the moon”，第二句话所举例子正是为了说明第一句话的内容，这与B项意思一致，而其他选项在文中均未提及。

3.【解析】[A]属细节推断题。分析题干，本题考查鲨鱼在水中快速游动的关键是在什么。其中的“key”是关键词，可以将答案定位在小标题“Skin Is the Key”下首段的第一句话，“The biologists discovered that the skin of the shark is the key to the animal’s high efficiency in swimming through the water”，这与选项A完全一致，所以直接选择A即可。其他选项在文中均有提及，但是都不符合题干的要求。

4.【解析】[D]属细节推断题。题干中的“collagen fibers to the greatest extent”是关键词，可以将答案定位在小标题“Skin Is the Key”下第二段的第一句话，“The Duke University biologists have found that the greatest stretching occurs where the shark bends its body while swimming”。这与选项D的内容完全一致，所以答案选D项，而其他选项原文均未提及，为干扰项。

5.【解析】[C]属细节推断题。题干中“a belted radial tire”是关键词，可以将答案锁定在文章小标题“Source of Energy”下第一段的第三句话，“Just as a radial tire is inflated by pressure, so, too, is the area just under the shark’s collagen ‘radials’”。其中的“just as”和“so”正说明了两者的相似之处在于“inflated by pressure”，所以答案应该是C。选项A和B是两者的不同之处，选项D在文中没有提及。

6.【解析】[A]属细节推断题。题干中的关键词是“a laminar flow”，所以可以将答案锁定在文章小标题“Dolphin Has Speed Record”下，根据该节第一段的倒数第三、四句话，“Normally when a fish or other object moves slowly through the water, the water flows smoothly past the body. This smooth flow is known as laminar flow.”。题干是对这两句话的改写，所以正确答案是A选项。其他三个选项的意思均不符合“a laminar flow”的定义，与题干要求不符。

7.【解析】[C]属同义转换题。题干中“a slug”和“a mouse”均为关键词，可以直接定位在小标题“Other Animals Less Efficient”下第一段的第二句话，“It uses so much energy ... a mouse traveling the same distance uses only one twelfth as much energy”。题干是对该句的同义改写，所以正确答案是[C]12 times，其他选项均与原文内容不符。

8. 【解析】feeling the vibrations of a struggling prey鲨鱼靠感受猎物游动的震动来发现猎物。

9. 【解析】collagen fibers 在Skin Is the Key中，第二、三句话，The fibers are called collagen fibers.

10. 【解析】some fantastic involuntary changes 在Source of Energy中，第二段倒数第一句话就是本题答案。

Part III Listening Comprehension

Section A

11. W:Where did you say you found this school bag?

M:It was lying under a tree between the language lab and the library building.

Q:Where did the man find the school bag?

【解析】［C］女士问：你在哪儿找到这个书包的？男士说：在实验室和图书馆之间的一棵树下。本题中language lab和library building都是干扰项，关键在于听出under a tree。

12. W:Could you please leave your telephone number with me?

M:Yes. It’s 3487013 for my office, and 3046138 for my home.

Q:Which is the telephone number of the man’s office?

【解析】［B］本题目的在于训练数字的听力，题中有两串数字，其中家庭电话是干扰项。

13. M:Do you know if the book shop is still open?

W:Yes, it’s open till six.

Q:When do you think this conversation took place?

【解析】［A］女士说书店现在还开着，一直开到六点呢，说明现在的时间是在六点之前。

14. M:Of the two houses we saw today, which do you prefer?

W:I think the white one is prettier, but the brick one has a bigger yard, so I like it better.

Q:Why does the woman like the brick house better than the white house?

【解析】［C］女士明确指出 the brick one has a bigger yard, so I like it better。

15. W:How did your interview go?

M:I can’t feel better about it! The questions were very fair, and I seemed to find an answer for all of them.

Q:What’s the man’s attitude about the interview?

【解析】［C］关键在于听出I can’t feel better about it! 女士问：你的面试怎么样了？男士说：我不能觉得更好了，所有问题都很清楚，我似乎知道所有的答案。由此可见，男士对他的面试充满自信。

16. W:Oh my goodness! I’ve spilled the soup all over the kitchen floor.

M:I’ll get the mop and clean the floor for you.

Q:What is likely the relation between them?

【解析】［B］本题问的是说话人双方是什么关系。女士说：天哪，我把汤洒了厨房一地。男士说：我来拿拖把擦。很显然，两人是夫妻关系。

17. W:The speech the blind girl gave this evening was extremely moving.

M:I think everyone felt the same.

Q:How did the man feel about the girl’s speech?

【解析】［C］女士说：今晚这个盲人女孩做的演讲真的很感人。男士说：我想每个人都深有同感。moving和touching同是感人的意思。

18. M:Would you mind if I borrow your pen? I can’t find mine on my desk or in my drawers.

W:Not at all, but I found your pen in your book.

Q:Where did the man put his pen?

【解析】［B］男士说：你能借我你的钢笔用用吗？我找不到我自己的了，桌子上抽屉里都找了，没找到。女士说：我不介意借你用，但是我看见你的笔夹在你的书里。

Now you’ll hear two long conversations.

Conversation One

W:It’s important that you all understand that quartz heaters operate on a totally different principle than common convection heaters, yes?

M:Could you give us an example of a convection heater?

W:Okay, but first you tell me what convection means.

M:Hmm, well, you said in the last class, I think, that convection is the transferring of heat by a liquid or a gas.

W:Right. A heater is using convection when it warms the air in the room, and the air, in turn, warms the people and objects in the room. A hot-water radiator, a stove and a forced air furnace are all convection heaters. A quartz heater on the other hand heats the objects and people in the room without heating the air. It does this by producing radiation heat that travels like light waves. When the quartz crystal in the heater vibrates at a particular frequency, its energy is turned into infrared radiation. The radiation is then directed at the objects by means of a reflector. Is that clear? Let’s move on to how room design can affect heating efficiency.

Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

19.What had the instructor probably been discussing in the previous class?

【解析】［D］从学生的回答中you said in the last class, I think, that convection is the transferring of heat by a liquid or a gas中可推断出上节课教师讲的是对流的问题。

20.What does the instructor ask the student?

【解析】［B］教师让学生解释一下什么是对流。教师说：but first you tell me what convection means.

21.According to the instructor, how is the quartz heater different from other types of heaters?

【解析】［A］石英加热器不会将空气加热，只加热房间里的物体。A quartz heater on the other hand heats the objects and people in the room without heating the air.

22.What is the purpose of the reflector on a quartz heater?

【解析】［D］从下面这句中可听出答案：The radiation is then directed at the objects by means of a reflector.

Conversation Two

M:Do you know what happened to me today? I was so embarrassed.

W:What?

M:Well, Dr. Brown’s class finished 10 minutes early, so I went to the library between classes. I knew I didn’t have much time, but I wanted to get these books on the Industrial Revolution. I looked them up in the card catalogue and went right to the stack and found them. So I put them in my bookbag and headed back towards the door. Then it happened. The exit gate in front of the door wouldn’t open, and the guard immediately warned me that I hadn’t checked out my books. He thought I was trying to steal them.

W:That must’ve been embarrassing. But why didn’t the exit gate open?

M:I asked them that. It seems that the books in the library are all magnetically coded, and when you check them out, the librarian behind the desk demagnetizes them, then the exit gate will open.

W:How interesting! I still don’t quite understand how they do it, though. I’ll have to go to the library and see it for myself.

Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have heard.

23.Why did the man decide to go to the library?

【解析】［A］布朗教授的课提前十分钟下课了，因此我决定在课间去趟图书馆。Dr.Brown’s class finished 10 minutes early, so I went to the library between classes.

24.After getting the books, what did the man do?

【解析】［D］男生拿到书之后直接把书塞到书包里了So I put them in my bookbag and headed back towards the door.从这句话中可得出答案。

25.According to the man, what happens to all the books in the library?

【解析】［B］从男生的话中可看出图书馆里的所有书都经过特殊编码了。It seems that the books in the library are all magnetically coded.

Section B

Passage One

Do you have a tough math test coming up? Then listen to some classical piano music just before the test. You might end up with a higher score. Researchers at a university in California conducted an experiment. They asked a group of college students to listen to some piano music by a famous 18th century composer before taking a math test. They were surprised to find that the students’ scores jumped 8 to 9 points. The music seems to excite nerve activity in the brain, similar to the activity that occurs when a person is figuring out a math problem. However, the scientists warn that before you get too excited about applying this method to your math test, you should remember that brain exciting effects last only 10 or 15 minutes. Would rock music work as well as the piano music did? No, the scientists say. In fact, the less complex music might even interfere with the brains reasoning ability.

Questions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard.

26.What is this passage mainly about?

【解析】［C］根据文章的内容，科学家们做了一项测试，在做数学题的时候放音乐，学生的成绩普遍提高好几分，我们可以推断出这篇文章是讲音乐对数学测验结果的影响，所以选C。

27.Why can classical music play a positive role in problem solving?

【解析】［A］科学家们说，摇滚音乐就不能像钢琴曲那样对成绩有所帮助，只有那些不是特别复杂的音乐会对大脑的思维有影响，能够刺激你的神经活动。所以选A。

28.What is one of the findings of the research?

【解析】［B］科学家们说，必须记住这种让大脑兴奋起来的效果只会维持10到15分钟，不会持续太长的时间，所以选B。

Passage Two

I had to go to Amsterdam last week for a conference. I arrived at the airport in plenty of time and checked in, but I only had one small case so I decided to take it on the plane as hand luggage. As the flight was not due to board for 45 minutes, I went to a cafe, sat down, and ordered a cup of coffee.

While I was sitting there drinking my coffee and reading the paper, I was vaguely aware of a woman and her child coming to sit at the next table. I did not pay much attention to them, though, and when my flight was called I reached for my case and left.

An hour later, the plane was in the air and I decided to look at the conference program to see what I wanted to attend. Imagine my horror when I opened the case and found that it was full of picture books and children’s toys—and imagine what the woman must have thought about a case full of men’s clothes and scientific papers!

Questions 29 to 31 are based on the passage you have just heard.

29.Why did the speaker go to a cafe?

【解析】［B］说话人离登机还有很长的时间，于是他去咖啡厅喝咖啡来消磨时间。He wanted to kill time before boarding the plane.

30.What was in the speaker’s case?

【解析】［D］本题答案在最后一句a case full of men’s clothes and scientific papers，说话人的箱子里装满了男士的衣服以及一些科技文件。

31.What did the speaker find out on board the plane?

【解析】［C］本题亦可在文章中直接找出答案。说话人打开箱子发现满箱都是图画书和小孩的玩具。when I opened the case and found that it was full of picture books and children’s toys。

Passage Three

Our family is trying to decide where to go for a vacation this summer. Our son Tom wants to go to Yellow Stone Park again to see the bears. We did that last summer and what an experience it was! When we got there, we put up our tent and went to explore. As we returned, we heard our daughter Susie cry out and then we saw a bear enter our camp. Tom wanted his father to chase him away. His father said, “No, it’s dangerous to chase a bear. And don’t let him chase you.” Susie said: “What shall we do?” “Maybe we ought to climb a tree.” Tom said: “No, we’ve got to get him out of there. He might go to sleep in our tent.” “Maybe we could make him leave if we put some honey outside for him to eat.” Susie suggested. Then I said: “How are you going to get the honey? It’s in the tent.” We watched the bear enter the tent and heard him upset everything inside. “It’s foolish for us to try to catch him,” said my husband. “Leave him alone and wait for him to come out.” We waited but the bear stayed inside. We had to sleep in the car.

Questions 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.

32.Where have the family decided to go in the vacation this summer?

【解析】［A］听完全文可以得知这个家庭还未决定好去哪里度假。所以正确答案为They haven’t reached a decision yet.

33.Who do you think saw the bear first?

【解析】［A］从短文中这一段可以看出答案。As we returned, we heard our daughter Susie cry out and then we saw a bear enter our camp，因此显然是女儿Susie先看到了熊。

34.What did they do when they saw a bear enter their tent?

【解析】［B］他们站在外面一直在讨论该怎么对付这只熊，但最终什么都没做。因此，正确答案为They stayed outside the tent and did nothing.

35.What did the bear do in the tent?

【解析】［D］We watched the bear enter the tent and heard him upset everything inside.关键词在upset, 意为“颠覆、翻倒”。熊把帐篷里的东西弄得乱七八糟。

Section C

36.【答案】undoubtedly

【解析】undoubtedly意为“毋庸置疑地，的确”。煤毋庸置疑将成为重要的能源。

37.【答案】supplies

【解析】supply意为“供应，供给”。由于天然气和石油资源供应的逐渐减少，煤毋庸置疑将成为重要的能源。

38.【答案】appears

【解析】appear意为“出现，看来，似乎”。虽然煤看似是黑色的，但是在高倍显微镜下，它还有黄色、橘色和红色。

39.【答案】giant

【解析】giant意为“巨大的”。煤大约形成于三亿年前，由巨大的树木和沼泽里的其他植物形成的。

40.【答案】swamps

【解析】swamp意为“沼泽”。煤大约形成于三亿年前，由巨大的树木和沼泽里的其他植物形成的。

41.【答案】carbon

【解析】carbon意为“碳”。它们包含的元素有氧、氢以及碳。

42.【答案】shape

【解析】shape意为“形状，形态”。随着地表形态的改变，树木和植物被埋在地下。

43.【答案】pressed

【解析】press 意为“压，挤压”。地表的压力作用于树木和植物之上。

44. 【答案】Coal can be taken from underground mines found deep in the earth or from strip mines which are found near the earth’s surface

45. 【答案】Although miners still are needed in any coal mining operation, today heavy machinery does much of the hard work

46.【答案】The coal miners of today owe much to the union to which they belong the United Mine Workers of America

Part Ⅳ Reading Comprehension

(Reading in Depth)

Section A

47.【解析】[B]save 本文主要讲理智的购物可以省很多钱的问题。你购买一件物品或者一份服务的方式真的可以给你省钱或者让你多花钱，所以此处空格填save，“节省”。

48.【解析】[G]simple 就拿吹风机作一个简单的例子。空格处用simple形容例子符合文章所表达的意思。

49.【解析】[C]best 如果你要买一个吹风机，当你选了一个外观你非常喜欢而且价格又是最便宜的，你一定认为你买了最好的东西。make the best buy即是说买了最好的东西。

50.【解析】[I]in 以怎样的价格用固定短语in price。最便宜的价格就是the cheapest in price。

51.【解析】[K]model 意为“样式，型”。当你把它买回家，你才发现它要花两倍于较贵的吹风机所花的时间来吹干你的头发。a more expensive model更贵的一款。

52.【解析】[N]adopt 意为“采用”。那么你外出购物时应该采用什么样的原则呢?adopt principles “采用原则”，principles 需要用adopt 来搭配。

53.【解析】[A]possession 意为“拥有物”。如果你保持你的家、你的车，或者任何一件值钱的物品处于一种良好的状态中，从长远的眼光来看你会省钱。

54.【解析】[D]appliance 意为“用品，器具”。在你买一个新的用品之前，先与有这个物品的人交流一下。

55.【解析】[L]item 在买一个贵的东西之前，要看好价格和正在出售的物品。item可用来指代物品。

56.【解析】[F]from 这个空格前是动词choose，从中作出选择即用介词from来搭配。

Section B

Passage One

57.【解析】[C]推断题。本文讨论了友谊的重要性。不论是青少年还是老年人，都需要朋友的陪伴。没有人是孤立的，每个人都是社会的一部分，都需要他人的爱、陪伴和关心。文章第二段表明人都需要陪伴和归属感。文章第二段提到没有朋友的青少年和丧偶的老年人常常会有心理问题，并提到陪伴和归属感是他们共同的需求，所以C为正确答案。答案A和B都过于武断，作者只是说一般而言，并没有说一定会，所以不对。

58.【解析】[C]细节题。“No man is an island” (Line 1, Para. 3) 的意思是，每个人都是社会的一部分。第三段第二句话解释了这句引言的意思， “In other words, we are all parts of society”，所以C为正确答案。

59.【解析】[C]细节推理题。友谊的亲密程度主要取决于人的个性。见第四段第二句，“The degree of intimacy of friendship varies depending on the personality of the individuals ...”，所以C为正确答案。

60.【解析】[D]细节推理题。作者认为多数人的亲密朋友并不多。见第五段第三句，“Close friends can be formed at any stage in one’s life but they are usually very rare”在人生的任何阶段都可以交到亲密的朋友，但数量通常很少，由此推断D为正确答案。

61.【解析】[C]词汇题。“irrespective”(第五段最后一句)这个词语的意思是“不论，不考虑”。见最后一句，“Irrespective of the level of intimacy, all friendships are based on ...”不论亲密的程度如何，任何友谊都是建立在互惠、诚实和一定的友爱和关怀的基础之上的。根据上下文，可推测出这个词语的意思是“不论，不考虑”。所以C为正确答案。

Passage Two

62.【解析】[C]细节题。问题问“当她的丈夫离家出走时，Eileen Doyle怎么样?”根据第一段第二行“Eileen was astonished...”可以断定C“(她)不明白为什么”应该是正确答案。其余三项均不符合文章意思。

63.【解析】[A]细节题。问题问“离开家庭的大多数人”。该题较简单，解题依据应该是文章第二段，其大意为:一年中的每一天都有一小帮男人和女人悄然收拾几件行李，没有留下任何纸条或说一声再见(“...without so much as a note or goodbye...”，其中without so much as为重要句型，表示“甚至……都没有”)，最后一次关上前门离家出走了，把他们的债务、他们的忧虑，还有迷惑不解的家庭抛在身后。A项正确。

64.【解析】[D]细节题。文章第四段第二、三句说明那些被遗弃的人甚至宁愿自己的配偶已经死亡，至少死亡不会意味着自己被抛弃或失败，所以要比被遗弃的感觉好点。B、C两项属于四级考试中典型的陷阱式干扰项，因为B项中的“pride and confidence”及C项中的“rejection or failure”在原文中皆有出现，马虎的考生可能不假思索就选了B或C，正好中了圈套，其实稍微细心一点就会发现B、C和文章所说的并不是一回事。第四段第三句“At least it...”中的it是指death而不是题干中主语所指。

65.【解析】[D]推断题。问题的题干应该在第四段最后一句，所以答案在此“...Worse than that,... an unfinished marriage,...wait seven years before...”，D项正是这种意思。

66.【解析】[B]细节题。依据第五段第二行“It’s typical of the kind of personality which seems able to ignore other people’s pain and difficulties.” B项说“这是一种自私行为”，为正确答案。A “这是种绝望行为”;C “这是突然决定的结果”;D “这是沉重负疚感的结果”。

Part Ⅴ Cloze

67.【解析】[B]考查上下文意思的衔接。本文主要讲了现代人都带着各种面具来掩盖真实的自己。发现真实的自我，不论是好的还是坏的方面，都使人们感到焦虑，因为人们要决定到底是继续原来不好的模式，还是达到好的标准。沟通分析是帮助人们了解自己的一种工具。通过分析与他人的沟通和交流，我们可以控制自己和他人交往的行为。本句要表达的是“戴着面具使自己不被人了解”。只有B项 unknown为正确答案。

68.【解析】[C]考查上下文意思的衔接。了解现实，了解自己本身是令人害怕的。第一句中提到人们不让自己的现实被他人知道，此句是对上一句的进一步解释，故C为正确答案。

69.【解析】[A]考查词义辨析。此处需要一个跟frightening感情色彩相近的词，即令人害怕和沮丧的。故A项frustrating为正确答案。

70.【解析】[B]考查不定式的用法。许多人预料会发现最坏的。此处不表示被动，不需要用不定式的被动形式。

71.【解析】[B]考查动词短语的意思。隐藏的恐惧在于他们可能也会发现最好的一面。rely on依赖于;lie in在于; base on 指以……为基础;according to 指依照;根据题意可知B项 lies in为正确答案。

72.【解析】[D]考查上下文意思的衔接。如果发现最坏的，人们必须决定是否要这样继续下去。whether or not 用在此处表示是否要。

73.【解析】[A]考查短语的搭配。是否要做到跟原来一样好。live up to 表示达到、做到。

74.【解析】[B]考查上下文意思的衔接。不论哪种发现都会引起改变。上面提到的两种发现，任何一个都涉及改变。

75.【解析】[A]考查句子之间的关系。(由于涉及改变)所以产生焦虑。此处是因果关系，所以用therefore。

76.【解析】[D]考查句子之间的关系。然而，这种焦虑可以被看成是一种激动和兴奋。转折关系。上句说到焦虑，是负面的;这句转折到正面。

77.【解析】[A]考查对上下文的理解。这种激动可能会促使一个人成为胜利者。只有 possibility 符合题意。

78.【解析】[D]词义辨析题。沟通分析法是一种你可以用来了解自己的工具。instrument指器械;appliance指用具，器具;equipment指装备，设备;tool指工具，手段。

79.【解析】[A]词义辨析题。知道自己人生所走的富有戏剧性的道路。course指路线，进程;process 指过程;track指轨迹;direction指方向。

80.【解析】[B]词义辨析题。意识到自我的状态……。beware小心，谨防;aware意识到;awake醒的;unconscious无意识的。

81.【解析】[C]词义辨析及介词搭配题。你可以分辨你的思想、感觉和各种行为的来源。choose选择;change改变;distinguish分辨;compare比较。只有distinguish可以与between搭配，故C为正确答案。

82.【解析】[A]考查上下文意思的衔接。衡量人际关系的标准是他们的沟通。transactional analysis是这种分析方法的名称，显然它是以人们之间的沟通作为分析的对象的。

83.【解析】[B]考查上下文意思的衔接。通过分析你与他人的沟通，你可以更清醒地控制自己和他人的交往。沟通分析是使人了解自己的行为，从而进行控制。显然是更清醒地控制自己。

84.【解析】[B]词义辨析题。沟通分析是一种实际设计。由文章可知，沟通分析是一种有效的了解自身的方式。desire显然不合题意; stage阶段;step步骤;与题意不符，为错误答案。B为正确答案。

85.【解析】[A]词义辨析题。对以前的决定和行为进行评价。对旧的决定显然已经无法改变，故B不正确;C和D 均不能搭配，为错误答案，只有 evaluate是正确答案。

86.【解析】[D]考查代词的用法。改变你认为值得改变的东西。what 作decide 的宾语，表示你决定的是什么。

Part Ⅵ Translation

87. 【答案】ranges / varies from 50 cents to 4 dollars

88.【答案】are being developed

89.【答案】for fear that he should be recognized

90.【答案】didn’t do anything

91.【答案】whether ( it is ) heated or not